Secret
National ID Order Stirs Public Uproar
An uproar is brewing against the executive
order recently signed by President Macapagal-Arroyo authorizing the
implementation of a national identification system. EO 420, signed last
April 13, is being criticized for the “secrecy” in which it was signed, as
well as over concerns that it will impinge on civil liberties.
BY ALEXANDER MARTIN REMOLLINO
Bulatlat
An uproar is brewing
against the executive order recently signed by President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo
authorizing the implementation of a national identification system.
Malacañang had, two
months before, expressed support for the national ID bills pending in the
Senate and the House of Representatives – among them Senate Bill 833 by
Sen. Panfilo Lacson, a staunch opponent of Macapagal-Arroyo. A national ID
system would help in the country’s fight against “terrorism,” according to
Malacañang, as it would make it easy for law-enforcement agencies to track
down suspected “terrorists.”
Executive Order (EO) No.
420, reportedly signed by Macapagal-Arroyo on April 13 and set to take
effect in June, mandates all state agencies and government-owned and
-controlled corporations to synchronize their reference systems. According
to Executive Secretary Eduardo Ermita, a retired general, the system would
“facilitate transactions with government.”
Under EO 420, the
synchronized ID would contain the following information on the holder:
name, home address, sex, picture, signature, date of birth, place of
birth, marital status, names of parents, height, weight, marks of two
index fingers and two thumbs, any prominent distinguishing features such
as moles and others, tax identification number or TIN, ID number issued by
the concerned agency, and reference number unique to the holder.
In an e-mail to
Bulatlat, Engr. Ramon Ramirez of Agham (Association of Science andf
Technology Advocates for the People) commented on the national ID database
thus: “I don't how why it is important for the government to know the
names of your parents, or items 10 to 13, for you to transact business
with them. But definitely all items 1-13 are needed to identify you as one
unique person and no other.”
One of the very first
issues raised against the executive order was what was described as the
“secrecy” that surrounded its signing.
Executive Secretary
Eduardo Ermita had told a news conference April 20 that Macapagal-Arroyo
had indeed signed such an executive order. This was the first public
mention of Macapagal-Arroyo having signed EO 420 – a full week after she
was supposed to have signed it.
“Secret signing”
Reps. Liza Maza and
Crispin Beltran of the Gabriela Women’s Party (GWP) and Anakpawis (Toiling
Masses), respectively, assailed the “secret signing” of EO 420 in separate
statements dated April 21.
But aside from the
“secret signing” of the order, there is a more basic issue that has been
raised against a national ID system: the concern that it would impinge on
civil liberties.
Press Secretary
Ignacio Bunye has been quick to come to the defense of EO 420.
“We are not fomenting
a surveilled society,” Bunye told reporters April 21 in Jakarta, where
Macapagal-Arroyo is currently on a working visit. He was apparently
referring to statements by cause-oriented groups saying that a national ID
system would be used to monitor the activities of persons deemed
“terrorists.”
Legal organizations
like the Bagong Alyansang Makabayan (Bayan or New Patriotic Alliance), the
Kilusang Mayo Uno (KMU or May First Movement), and even the socio-economic
think tank IBON Foundation have been called “communist fronts.” Recently,
the National Union of Journalists of the Philippines (NUJP) obtained a
copy of Knowing the Enemy, a PowerPoint presentation by the
Intelligence Service of the Armed Forces of the Philippines (ISAFP)
tagging it as an “enemy of the state” together with Bayan, the KMU and
IBON Foundation – and even such groups as the Philippine Center for
Investigative Journalism (PCIJ), the Catholic Bishops Conference of the
Philippines (CBCP), and the Philippine Educational Theater Association (PETA)
headed by Cecille Guidote-Alvarez, wife of former Sen. Heherson Alvarez.
“Foreign terrorists”
The Communist Party
of the Philippines (CPP) is in the U.S. Department of State’s list of
“foreign terrorists,” together with its armed component the New People’s
Army (NPA) and its founding chairman Jose Maria Sison.
As early as last
February, Sens. Joker Arroyo and Francis Pangilinan – both administration
senators – had opposed the national ID system. Pangilinan urged the
government to strengthen the national police and the prosecution agencies.
Arroyo, on the other
hand, told reporters: “Malacañang should leave alone the people's civil
liberties. They are the only things left with them. Malacañang wants to
tax the people more. Why? Because the government does not have money. Now
it wants to invade the people's privacy. Why? As a defense against
terrorism.
“In other words,
whenever the Executive cannot cope with a problem, its standard excuse is
the inadequacy of existing laws and so it passes the problem to Congress –
more taxes in lieu of better tax collection and intrusion into the
public's private lives in lieu of better police work of the uniformed
services.”
In an April 21
statement, Bayan Muna (People First) Rep. Satur Ocampo said: “It will no
less (than) set the stage and give rise to a police state where citizens
are spied upon and their movements controlled. Such a policy is prone to
abuse both by military and civilian authorities as it may be manipulated
to harass, arbitrarily arrest, and detain political dissenters,
oppositionists, and ordinary citizens.” Bulatlat
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